The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS13051 | RAB GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN 1-LIKE |
| HS13052 | OPSIN |
| HS13053 | RING FINGER AND CCCH-TYPE ZINC FINGER DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS13054 | ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS13055 | TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT-RELATED |
| HS13056 | TYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE HOPSCOTCH |
| HS13057 | ILGF DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS13058 | PLASMINOGEN RECEPTOR (KT) |
| HS13059 | |
| HS13060 | RIBOSOME RECYCLING FACTOR |
| HS13061 | HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN |
| HS13062 | LIM/HOMEOBOX PROTEIN LHX |
| HS13063 | MORN REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5 |
| HS13064 | NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE |
| HS13065 | INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT |
| HS13066 | RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN 4 |
| HS13067 | CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE |
| HS13068 | ATP SYNTHASE E CHAIN, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| HS13069 | SH2 CONTAINING ADAPTOR PRAM-1 RELATED |
| HS13070 | COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 80 |
| HS13071 | NAD(P) TRANSHYDROGENASE |
| HS13072 | FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR |
| HS13073 | ANKYCORBIN |
| HS13074 | SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CLASS B TYPE-1 SR-B1 |
| HS13075 | LIVER EXPRESSED ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE 2 |
| HS13076 | RUN AND SH3 DOMAIN CONTAINING |
| HS13077 | CAT EYE SYNDROME CRITICAL REGION PROTEIN 6 |
| HS13078 | |
| HS13079 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS13080 | SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 5 |
| HS13081 | GTP-BINDING PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT |
| HS13082 | SIGNAL PEPTIDE PEPTIDASE |
| HS13083 | 5'-NUCLEOTIDASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS13084 | SMALL CONDUCTANCE CALCIUM-ACTIVATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL |
| HS13085 | DEVELOPMENTALLY-REGULATED GTP-BINDING PROTEIN 2 |
| HS13086 | PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE TRANSFER PROTEIN |
| HS13087 | PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER |
| HS13088 | |
| HS13089 | FARNESYLCYSTEINE LYASE |
| HS13090 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS13091 | |
| HS13092 | GERM CELL-LESS PROTEIN |
| HS13093 | VITAMIN K-DEPENDENT GAMMA-CARBOXYLASE |
| HS13094 | |
| HS13095 | SORTING NEXIN-22 AND 24 |
| HS13096 | LYSYL OXIDASE-LIKE-RELATED |
| HS13097 | OXIDASE/PEROXIDASE |
| HS13098 | SAPOSIN-RELATED |
| HS13099 | S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE SYNTHETASE |
| HS13100 | INOSITOL 5-PHOSPHATASE |
