The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS20301 | G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR, CLASS C, GROUP 5 |
| HS20302 | IQ DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN K |
| HS20303 | SAD1/UNC-84-LIKE PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS20304 | CENTRIOLAR COILED-COIL PROTEIN OF 110 KDA |
| HS20305 | NUCLEAR GTPASE SLIP-GC |
| HS20306 | PHD-TYPE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS20307 | NUCLEAR GTPASE SLIP-GC |
| HS20308 | PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR |
| HS20309 | CAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE REGULATORY CHAIN |
| HS20310 | KELCH PROTEIN |
| HS20311 | DYNEIN ASSEMBLY FACTOR 5, AXONEMAL |
| HS20312 | GLYCEROPHOSPHODIESTER PHOSPHODIESTERASE 1 |
| HS20313 | |
| HS20314 | HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90 FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS20315 | CBP/P300-RELATED |
| HS20316 | ADENYLATE CYCLASE TYPE 1 |
| HS20317 | TRANSMEMBRANE GTPASE FZO |
| HS20318 | BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX ZIP TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR |
| HS20319 | TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR CUBITUS INTERRUPTUS |
| HS20320 | MITOCHONDRIA ASSOCIATED GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE CSF SIGNALING MOLECULE |
| HS20321 | CORONIN |
| HS20322 | ANTIGEN BSP, PUTATIVE-RELATED |
| HS20323 | |
| HS20324 | |
| HS20325 | DNAJ HOMOLOG SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 3, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| HS20326 | HEME OXYGENASE |
| HS20327 | TUBULIN EPSILON AND DELTA COMPLEX PROTEIN 2 |
| HS20328 | PHOSPHOINOSITIDE-INTERACTING PROTEIN FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS20329 | CYCLINS |
| HS20330 | ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER SUBFAMILY A ABCA |
| HS20331 | CYTOCHROME P450 508A4-RELATED |
| HS20332 | CYTOCHROME P450 508A4-RELATED |
| HS20333 | CYTOCHROME P450 508A4-RELATED |
| HS20334 | |
| HS20335 | RIBONUCLEIC ACID BINDING PROTEIN S1 |
| HS20336 | ARF-GAP WITH DUAL PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS20337 | - |
| HS20338 | SOX100B |
| HS20339 | MIP08469P |
| HS20340 | MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION, SUBUNIT 9 |
| HS20341 | UBIQUITIN CARBOXYL-TERMINAL HYDROLASE |
| HS20342 | NEUROPEPTIDES RECEPTOR |
| HS20343 | |
| HS20344 | SOX100B |
| HS20345 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS20346 | NEUROPEPTIDE B |
| HS20347 | GTP-BINDING PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT |
| HS20348 | ETHANOLAMINE-PHOSPHATE CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE |
| HS20349 | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MAF |
| HS20350 | PYRROLINE-5-CARBOXYLATE REDUCTASE |
