The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS16001 | FORKHEAD BOX P, ISOFORM C |
| HS16002 | SHORT-CHAIN DEHYDROGENASES/REDUCTASES FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS16003 | 3-DEHYDROQUINATE SYNTHASE |
| HS16004 | MIP04163P |
| HS16005 | FERM DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4 |
| HS16006 | PRA1 PROTEIN |
| HS16007 | CCA TRNA NUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASE 1, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| HS16008 | |
| HS16009 | SLIT RELATED LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT NEURONAL PROTEIN |
| HS16010 | HISTONE-LYSINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE SUV39H |
| HS16011 | MIR DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS16012 | BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, HES-RELATED |
| HS16013 | ACID AMIDASE |
| HS16014 | ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 8 |
| HS16015 | SEMAPHORIN |
| HS16016 | SERINE/THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE |
| HS16017 | SI:CH211-196P9.1-RELATED |
| HS16018 | TYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE RECEPTOR |
| HS16019 | SAND PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS16020 | E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE TRAIP |
| HS16021 | METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR |
| HS16022 | CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE 1-RELATED |
| HS16023 | PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS16024 | COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 120 FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS16025 | |
| HS16026 | CXXC-TYPE ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 1 |
| HS16027 | MIP04163P |
| HS16028 | GTP-BINDING PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS16029 | OPSIN |
| HS16030 | HOST CELL FACTOR |
| HS16031 | RAB FAMILY |
| HS16032 | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GATA FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS16033 | BCL-2 RELATED |
| HS16034 | NEUROPROTECTIVE PEPTIDE-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS16035 | DEP DOMAIN PROTEIN |
| HS16036 | TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MAF |
| HS16037 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS16038 | ZINC-FINGERS AND HOMEOBOXES RELATED |
| HS16039 | |
| HS16040 | DNA TOPOISOMERASE I |
| HS16041 | 40S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S3A |
| HS16042 | |
| HS16043 | ZINC FINGER PROTEIN |
| HS16044 | MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN, NON-MUSCLE |
| HS16045 | TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL CHANNEL 4-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN TCPC4AP |
| HS16046 | PROTEIN ENHANCER OF SEVENLESS 2B |
| HS16047 | N-MYC DOWNSTREAM REGULATED |
| HS16048 | PHD FINGER PROTEIN 20-RELATED |
| HS16049 | FI04035P |
| HS16050 | N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE-6-SULFATASE FAMILY MEMBER |
