The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS19701 | NFAT |
| HS19702 | SAL-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS19703 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS19704 | DEP DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS19705 | LEUCOKININ RECEPTOR-RELATED |
| HS19706 | MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN |
| HS19707 | MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN |
| HS19708 | ZINC FINGER PROTEIN |
| HS19709 | ZINC FINGER PROTEIN |
| HS19710 | TEASHIRT-RELATED |
| HS19711 | SHORT-CHAIN DEHYDROGENASE/REDUCTASE |
| HS19712 | ZNF44 PROTEIN |
| HS19713 | |
| HS19714 | HYALURONAN SYNTHASE |
| HS19715 | ZINC-FINGERS AND HOMEOBOXES RELATED |
| HS19716 | |
| HS19717 | DER1-LIKE PROTEIN, DERLIN |
| HS19718 | WD REPEAT CONTAINING PROTEIN 3 WDR3 |
| HS19719 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS19720 | ZINC FINGERS AND HOMEOBOXES PROTEIN 1, ISOFORM 2 |
| HS19721 | |
| HS19722 | ZINC-FINGERS AND HOMEOBOXES RELATED |
| HS19723 | AAA DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS19724 | PROTEASOME SUBUNIT ALPHA/BETA |
| HS19725 | 39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L32, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| HS19726 | COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 127 |
| HS19727 | SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE 2 FLAVOPROTEIN SUBUNIT |
| HS19728 | NG5 |
| HS19729 | |
| HS19730 | FTP DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS19731 | |
| HS19732 | SODIUM/POTASSIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASE SUBUNIT GAMMA |
| HS19733 | |
| HS19734 | VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1 |
| HS19735 | VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1 |
| HS19736 | ACROSIN-RELATED |
| HS19737 | VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1 |
| HS19738 | BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, TWIST |
| HS19739 | GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE |
| HS19740 | C-TYPE LECTIN DOMAIN FAMILY 20 MEMBER A-RELATED |
| HS19741 | C-TYPE LECTIN DOMAIN FAMILY 20 MEMBER A-RELATED |
| HS19742 | SMALL SEVEN TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS19743 | SULFOTRANSFERASE SULT |
| HS19744 | CTX-RELATED TYPE I TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN |
| HS19745 | MAESTRO-RELATED HEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS19746 | CHOLECYSTOKININ |
| HS19747 | TRAFFICKING KINESIN-BINDING PROTEIN |
| HS19748 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS19749 | MATRIN 3/NUCLEAR PROTEIN 220-RELATED |
| HS19750 | LEUCINE ZIPPER PROTEIN 4-RELATED |
