The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS14301 | MATRIN 3/NUCLEAR PROTEIN 220-RELATED |
| HS14302 | CYTOCHROME C1 HEME LYASE |
| HS14303 | SERINE PROTEASE INHIBITOR |
| HS14304 | TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA RECEPTOR TYPE I AND II |
| HS14305 | |
| HS14306 | LANC-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS14307 | VESICULAR, OVEREXPRESSED IN CANCER, PROSURVIVAL PROTEIN 1 |
| HS14308 | |
| HS14309 | INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN 74 HOMOLOG |
| HS14310 | |
| HS14311 | MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN |
| HS14312 | VOLTAGE AND LIGAND GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL |
| HS14313 | RHO/RAC/CDC GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN |
| HS14314 | |
| HS14315 | VILLIN |
| HS14316 | VILLIN |
| HS14317 | BCDNA.GH03377 |
| HS14318 | DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE I SUBUNIT 2 |
| HS14319 | N-ACYLNEURAMINATE-9-PHOSPHATASE |
| HS14320 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS14321 | REGULATOR OF MICROTUBULE DYNAMICS PROTEIN |
| HS14322 | CDC42 EFFECTOR PROTEIN BORG |
| HS14323 | |
| HS14324 | KYNURENINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE |
| HS14325 | NARDILYSIN |
| HS14326 | DNAJ HOMOLOG SUBFAMILY C MEMBER 12 |
| HS14327 | NAD-DEPENDENT PROTEIN DEACYLASE SIRTUIN-5, MITOCHONDRIAL-RELATED |
| HS14328 | |
| HS14329 | CDK2-ASSOCIATED AND CULLIN DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1 |
| HS14330 | IMMUNOGLOBULIN |
| HS14331 | IMMUNOGLOBULIN |
| HS14332 | BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX PROTEIN NEUROGENIN-RELATED |
| HS14333 | POLYCYSTIN FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS14334 | EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT G |
| HS14335 | BCL2-ASSOCIATED ATHANOGENE |
| HS14336 | |
| HS14337 | PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITIDE PHOSPHATASE SAC1 |
| HS14338 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS14339 | PA-PL1 PHOSPHOLIPASE FAMILY |
| HS14340 | CHONDROITIN SYNTHASE |
| HS14341 | |
| HS14342 | LD22376P |
| HS14343 | PTERIN-4-ALPHA-CARBINOLAMINE DEHYDRATASE |
| HS14344 | - |
| HS14345 | BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX PROTEIN NEUROGENIN-RELATED |
| HS14346 | PDZ AND LIM DOMAIN PROTEIN ZASP |
| HS14347 | FIBROUS SHEATH CABYR-BINDING PROTEIN |
| HS14348 | SH3 DOMAIN-CONTAINING |
| HS14349 | |
| HS14350 | BANK1/PIK3AP1 FAMILY MEMBER |
