The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS10101 | SODIUM-BILE ACID COTRANSPORTER |
| HS10102 | PROTEIN MAX MYC-ASSOCIATED FACTOR X |
| HS10103 | LD44762P |
| HS10104 | GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE |
| HS10105 | RAP GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN |
| HS10106 | |
| HS10107 | LP21163P |
| HS10108 | JUXTAPOSED WITH ANOTHER ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 1 |
| HS10109 | AGAP002036-PA |
| HS10110 | RHO FAMILY GTPASE |
| HS10111 | CATION TRANSPORT PROTEIN CHAC-RELATED |
| HS10112 | NOTCH LIGAND FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS10113 | PIRNA BIOGENESIS PROTEIN EXD1 |
| HS10114 | GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR |
| HS10115 | |
| HS10116 | UPF0338 PROTEIN |
| HS10117 | CHONDROLECTIN VARIANT CHODLFDELTAE. |
| HS10118 | FORKHEAD BOX PROTEIN |
| HS10119 | MIRROR-IMAGE POLYDACTYLY GENE 1 PROTEIN |
| HS10120 | GLUTAREDOXIN-LIKE PROTEIN C5ORF63 HOMOLOG |
| HS10121 | TNF RECEPTOR ASSOCIATED FACTOR |
| HS10122 | REST COREPRESSOR COREST PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS10123 | |
| HS10124 | RUBY-EYE2-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS10125 | ZINC FINGER PROTEIN 839 |
| HS10126 | CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 2-INTERACTING PROTEIN |
| HS10127 | CENTROMERE/MICROTUBULE BINDING PROTEIN CBF5 |
| HS10128 | PROTEIN TRANSPORT PROTEIN SEC23 |
| HS10129 | SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE 54K PROTEIN SRP54 |
| HS10130 | COFILIN-RELATED |
| HS10131 | ARSENITE METHYLTRANSFERASE |
| HS10132 | BROMODOMAIN ADJACENT TO ZINC FINGER DOMAIN PROTEIN 1A |
| HS10133 | SORTING NEXIN FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS10134 | PROTEASOME SUBUNIT ALPHA/BETA |
| HS10135 | RBP-RELATED |
| HS10136 | MITOCHONDRIAL IMPORT INNER MEMBRANE TRANSLOCASE SUBUNIT TIM9B |
| HS10137 | KIAA0586 PROTEIN |
| HS10138 | MYELIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1-RELATED |
| HS10139 | DAPPER-RELATED |
| HS10140 | GALECTIN |
| HS10141 | F-BOX ONLY PROTEIN 34/46 FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS10142 | |
| HS10143 | HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1 ALPHA INHIBITOR-RELATED |
| HS10144 | SCAFFOLD ATTACHMENT FACTOR B-RELATED |
| HS10145 | TATA-BOX BINDING PROTEIN |
| HS10146 | BECLIN 1-ASSOCIATED AUTOPHAGY-RELATED KEY REGULATOR |
| HS10147 | MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE-BINDING PROTEIN 1 |
| HS10148 | T-BOX PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS10149 | |
| HS10150 | TYROSINE-PROTEIN KINASE RECEPTOR |
