The Mariana snailfish or Mariana hadal snailfish Pseudoliparis swirei is a species of snailfish found in the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 6,198–8,076 m，which is possibly the record for a fish caught on the seafloor. Various anatomical, physiological, molecular and genetic adaptions help this species survive in such depths. It is abundant in their deep-sea habitat and has several unusual adaptions for its dark and high pressure habitat, including transparent skin that lacks pigment, certain organs and eggs that are enlarged, the muscles are thinner, the ossification of its bones (notably the skull) is incomplete.
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pseudoliparis swirei | Chordata | hadal snailfish | Deep sea | 7,254 | the Mariana Trench (142°26′E, 11°07′N) | 2059687 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWPU_hadal_v1 | 626.4Mb | Chromosome | 2023 | JANBZZ01 | Northwestern Polytechnical University | PRJNA852951 | 96.00% | 21,161 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| Chromosome-level genome assembly of hadal snailfish reveals mechanisms of deep-sea adaptation in vertebrates | Elife | 38134226 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| HS20801 | HEMOGLOBIN FAMILY MEMBER |
| HS20802 | DESUMOYLATING ISOPEPTIDASE |
| HS20803 | VILLIN |
| HS20804 | RETICULOPHAGY REGULATOR 3 |
| HS20805 | TUBULIN |
| HS20806 | AGAP003327-PA |
| HS20807 | |
| HS20808 | PIKACHURIN-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS20809 | HISTONE-LYSINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE E(Z) |
| HS20810 | |
| HS20811 | DUAL SPECIFICITY PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE |
| HS20812 | RAS, DI-RAS, AND RHEB FAMILY MEMBERS OF SMALL GTPASE SUPERFAMILY |
| HS20813 | COAGULATION FACTOR |
| HS20814 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS20815 | UNCHARACTERIZED |
| HS20816 | TETRASPANIN |
| HS20817 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS20818 | VOLTAGE-GATED POTASSIUM CHANNEL |
| HS20819 | PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE KINASE |
| HS20820 | - |
| HS20821 | |
| HS20822 | ZETA-COAT PROTEIN |
| HS20823 | PRA1 PROTEIN |
| HS20824 | NUCLEAR FACTOR ERYTHROID 2-RELATED FACTOR |
| HS20825 | CHROMOBOX PROTEIN |
| HS20826 | |
| HS20827 | TRANSPOSON TY3-I GAG-POL POLYPROTEIN |
| HS20828 | HOMEOBOX PROTEIN ROUGH-RELATED |
| HS20829 | |
| HS20830 | PROTEIN ZERKNUELLT 1-RELATED |
| HS20831 | PROTEIN ZERKNUELLT 1-RELATED |
| HS20832 | HOMEOTIC PROTEIN DEFORMED |
| HS20833 | HOMEOBOX PROTEIN HOX |
| HS20834 | HOMEOBOX PROTEIN HOX |
| HS20835 | HOMEOBOX PROTEIN HOX |
| HS20836 | HOMEOBOX DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| HS20837 | AGAP004664-PA |
| HS20838 | SI:CH211-196P9.1-RELATED |
| HS20839 | SEGMENTATION PROTEIN FUSHI TARAZU-LIKE PROTEIN |
| HS20840 | SEGMENTATION PROTEIN EVEN-SKIPPED |
| HS20841 | ENDONUCLEASE-RELATED |
| HS20842 | |
| HS20843 | ATP SYNTHASE LIPID-BINDING PROTEIN, MITOCHONDRIAL |
| HS20844 | (E3-INDEPENDENT) E2 UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYME |
| HS20845 | OXYSTEROL-BINDING PROTEIN-RELATED |
| HS20846 | |
| HS20847 | PROSAPIP2 PROTEIN/5-AZACYTIDINE INDUCED GENE 2 |
| HS20848 | RETROTRANSPOSON |
| HS20849 | PROTEIN ARGININE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE |
| HS20850 | ATP-DEPENDENT CLP PROTEASE PROTEOLYTIC SUBUNIT |
