Hirondellea gigas is a species of amphipod crustacean found in the hadal zone of the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the Mariana Trench. It is adapted to extreme deep-sea environments, living at depths exceeding 10,000 meters where pressures are immense and temperatures are near freezing. This species feeds on organic matter that sinks to the ocean floor, playing a crucial role in the deep-sea ecosystem as a scavenger. Its unique adaptations, such as a lightweight exoskeleton and specialized enzymes, allow it to survive and thrive in one of the most extreme habitats on Earth.
Animalia (Kingdom); Arthropoda (Phylum); Crustacea (Subphylum); Multicrustacea (Superclass); Malacostraca (Class); Eumalacostraca (Subclass); Peracarida (Superorder); Amphipoda (Order); Amphilochidea (Suborder); Lysianassida (Infraorder); Lysianassidira (Parvorder); Lysianassoidea (Superfamily); Hirondelleidae (Family); Hirondellea (Genus); Hirondellea gigas (Species)
Tetronychia gigas Birstein & M. Vinogradov, 1955
1. Birstein J A, Vinogradov M E. Pelagicheskie gammaridy (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) Kurilo-Kamchatskoi Vpadiny[J]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 1955, 12: 219-257. (Birstein et al., 1955)
Philippine Trench from Philippine Sea, Mariana Trench from North Pacific Ocean and Kuril-Kamchatka Trench
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hirondellea gigas | Arthropoda | - | Deep sea | 6,800-11,000 | Mariana Trench in the northwestern Pacific Ocean | 1518452 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness (%) | Scaffold/Contig N50 (kb) | GC content (%) | Repeat Rate (%) | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | 13.92Gb | Chromosome | 2025 | CNA0142381 | - | CNP0005374 | 89.34 | 458,700/466.1 | 38.8 | 72.75 | 27,881 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| The amphipod genome reveals population dynamics and adaptations to hadal environment | Cell | 40054448 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| Hgig_05256 | ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 16 |
| Hgig_05257 | 30S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S18 |
| Hgig_05258 | - |
| Hgig_05259 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05260 | PA14 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05261 | PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1 REGULATORY SUBUNIT SDS22-RELATED |
| Hgig_05262 | FIBRINOGEN/TENASCIN/ANGIOPOEITIN |
| Hgig_05263 | AGAP001705-PA |
| Hgig_05264 | - |
| Hgig_05265 | POTASSIUM CHANNEL, SUBFAMILY K |
| Hgig_05266 | FIVE-SPAN TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN M83 |
| Hgig_05267 | - |
| Hgig_05268 | PHAGE_INTEGRASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05269 | STAGA COMPLEX 65 SUBUNIT GAMMA |
| Hgig_05270 | PROTEIN CBG26694 |
| Hgig_05271 | SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE 19 KD PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05272 | - |
| Hgig_05273 | - |
| Hgig_05274 | - |
| Hgig_05275 | ATP-DEPENDENT RNA AND DNA HELICASE |
