Hirondellea gigas is a species of amphipod crustacean found in the hadal zone of the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the Mariana Trench. It is adapted to extreme deep-sea environments, living at depths exceeding 10,000 meters where pressures are immense and temperatures are near freezing. This species feeds on organic matter that sinks to the ocean floor, playing a crucial role in the deep-sea ecosystem as a scavenger. Its unique adaptations, such as a lightweight exoskeleton and specialized enzymes, allow it to survive and thrive in one of the most extreme habitats on Earth.
Animalia (Kingdom); Arthropoda (Phylum); Crustacea (Subphylum); Multicrustacea (Superclass); Malacostraca (Class); Eumalacostraca (Subclass); Peracarida (Superorder); Amphipoda (Order); Amphilochidea (Suborder); Lysianassida (Infraorder); Lysianassidira (Parvorder); Lysianassoidea (Superfamily); Hirondelleidae (Family); Hirondellea (Genus); Hirondellea gigas (Species)
Tetronychia gigas Birstein & M. Vinogradov, 1955
1. Birstein J A, Vinogradov M E. Pelagicheskie gammaridy (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) Kurilo-Kamchatskoi Vpadiny[J]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 1955, 12: 219-257. (Birstein et al., 1955)
Philippine Trench from Philippine Sea, Mariana Trench from North Pacific Ocean and Kuril-Kamchatka Trench
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hirondellea gigas | Arthropoda | - | Deep sea | 6,800-11,000 | Mariana Trench in the northwestern Pacific Ocean | 1518452 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness (%) | Scaffold/Contig N50 (kb) | GC content (%) | Repeat Rate (%) | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | 13.92Gb | Chromosome | 2025 | CNA0142381 | - | CNP0005374 | 89.34 | 458,700/466.1 | 38.8 | 72.75 | 27,881 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| The amphipod genome reveals population dynamics and adaptations to hadal environment | Cell | 40054448 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| Hgig_05196 | INTEGRASE_SAM-LIKE_N DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05197 | PHAGE_INTEGRASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05198 | - |
| Hgig_05199 | BEIGE/BEACH-RELATED |
| Hgig_05200 | 60S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L32 AND DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE II, SUBUNIT N |
| Hgig_05201 | WD REPEAT CONTAINING PROTEIN 3 WDR3 |
| Hgig_05202 | - |
| Hgig_05203 | - |
| Hgig_05204 | NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTOR HR3-RELATED |
| Hgig_05205 | NUCLEAR HORMONE RECEPTOR HR3-RELATED |
| Hgig_05206 | - |
| Hgig_05207 | DNA REPLICATION-RELATED ELEMENT FACTOR, ISOFORM A |
| Hgig_05208 | RNA-BINDING (RRM/RBD/RNP MOTIFS) FAMILY PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05209 | MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 13 |
| Hgig_05210 | MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 13 |
| Hgig_05211 | OSJNBA0013A04.12 PROTEIN |
| Hgig_05212 | ARRESTIN DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN D |
| Hgig_05213 | NAD-DEPENDENT PROTEIN DEACYLASE SIRTUIN-5, MITOCHONDRIAL-RELATED |
| Hgig_05214 | ARCHEASE |
| Hgig_05215 | EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT 7 |
