Hirondellea gigas is a species of amphipod crustacean found in the hadal zone of the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the Mariana Trench. It is adapted to extreme deep-sea environments, living at depths exceeding 10,000 meters where pressures are immense and temperatures are near freezing. This species feeds on organic matter that sinks to the ocean floor, playing a crucial role in the deep-sea ecosystem as a scavenger. Its unique adaptations, such as a lightweight exoskeleton and specialized enzymes, allow it to survive and thrive in one of the most extreme habitats on Earth.
Animalia (Kingdom); Arthropoda (Phylum); Crustacea (Subphylum); Multicrustacea (Superclass); Malacostraca (Class); Eumalacostraca (Subclass); Peracarida (Superorder); Amphipoda (Order); Amphilochidea (Suborder); Lysianassida (Infraorder); Lysianassidira (Parvorder); Lysianassoidea (Superfamily); Hirondelleidae (Family); Hirondellea (Genus); Hirondellea gigas (Species)
Tetronychia gigas Birstein & M. Vinogradov, 1955
1. Birstein J A, Vinogradov M E. Pelagicheskie gammaridy (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) Kurilo-Kamchatskoi Vpadiny[J]. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 1955, 12: 219-257. (Birstein et al., 1955)
Philippine Trench from Philippine Sea, Mariana Trench from North Pacific Ocean and Kuril-Kamchatka Trench
| Species | Phylum | Common Name | Ecosystem | Depth | Habitat | NCBI Taxonomy ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hirondellea gigas | Arthropoda | - | Deep sea | 6,800-11,000 | Mariana Trench in the northwestern Pacific Ocean | 1518452 |
| Genome Assembly | Genome Size | Assembly level | Released year | WGS accession | Submitter | BioProject | BUSCO completeness (%) | Scaffold/Contig N50 (kb) | GC content (%) | Repeat Rate (%) | Gene Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | 13.92Gb | Chromosome | 2025 | CNA0142381 | - | CNP0005374 | 89.34 | 458,700/466.1 | 38.8 | 72.75 | 27,881 |
| Title | Journal | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|
| The amphipod genome reveals population dynamics and adaptations to hadal environment | Cell | 40054448 |
| Gene ID | Description |
|---|---|
| Hgig_04736 | EF-HAND DOMAIN C-TERMINAL CONTAINING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_04737 | LEUKOCYTE RECEPTOR CLUSTER LRC MEMBER 1 |
| Hgig_04738 | TRAFFICKING KINESIN-BINDING PROTEIN |
| Hgig_04739 | - |
| Hgig_04740 | - |
| Hgig_04741 | - |
| Hgig_04742 | RHO GUANINE EXCHANGE FACTOR-RELATED |
| Hgig_04743 | PR DOMAIN ZINC FINGER PROTEIN |
| Hgig_04744 | GTPASE ERA |
| Hgig_04745 | SPERMATOGENESIS-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 2/TAMOZHENNIC |
| Hgig_04746 | PHOSPHOACETYLGLUCOSAMINE MUTASE |
| Hgig_04747 | ZINC FINGER BED DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4 |
| Hgig_04748 | REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASES |
| Hgig_04749 | DEFECTIVE SPERMATOGENESIS PROTEIN 39 |
| Hgig_04750 | DNA REPLICATION LICENSING FACTOR MCM FAMILY MEMBER |
| Hgig_04751 | DNA REPLICATION LICENSING FACTOR MCM FAMILY MEMBER |
| Hgig_04752 | - |
| Hgig_04753 | SERYL-TRNA SYNTHETASE |
| Hgig_04754 | KINESIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS |
| Hgig_04755 | - |
